We don’t know of any planets on which humans could live unprotected – in all the ones in our solar system you’d need special living spaces and special suits to walk around on the surface. But if you could make those, and you could get there it would probably be possible – just really expensive at the moment.
With the right technology, sure. Of course, then you could question whether they were really ‘living’ on the planet since they wouldn’t be able to leave their space suits or their habitat.
It might, in thousands of years, be possible to terraform Mars to have a thicker atmosphere that would allow us to live there without suits. But that’s science fiction at the moment.
Yes, if we use lots of technology. So we have been able to live on the Moon for a few days, and we think would live there for much longer in certain places (where there is ice we can use to make water and oxygen). And if we find enough ice on Mars, we could live there indefinitely, but only inside a tent.
We don’t have the technology for humans to get to another planet yet – we need failsafe systems that can make oxygen and recycle waste for a number of months…
And at the moment we don’t know of any planets where people, or any living thing from earth, could live without protection of a base with oxygen and radiation shielding. If we had the technology to get there, we could probably build a base, and some scientists even want to ‘terraform’ planets, which means making them more like earth, with an atmosphere and water on the surface!
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